Referred to as the purple loosestrife of woodlands and fencerows, it flourishes in open shade and readily fills the forest floor. The worst forest floor weed of eastern North America is now in Western Canada too and in many prairie gardens.
Infestation in full flower.
David Cappaert, Michigan State University, Bugwood.org
White crucifer flower in early spring. Chris Evans, Illinois Wildlife Action Plan, Bugwood.org
Typical mustard type seed pods, but found in the forest or similar environs. Chris Evans, Illinois Wildlife Action Plan, Bugwood.org
Forest floor overwintering young rosettes. Are semi evergreen so bright green in brown overwinter forest floor. Jil Swearingen, USDI National Park Service, Bugwood.org